The Effects Of Second Hand Smoke On Children - 843 Words

Second Hand Smoke Do people know second hand smoke not only affects the person smoking, but it also affects the people around them? Not everyone is aware of the risks of second hand smoke nor how it can effect their future. Second hand smoke is an issue that affects everyone and everybody around it such as unborn children, children, adults, non-smokers and should be avoided as much as possible. What exactly is second hand smoke? Second hand smoke is a combination of burning tobacco and the exhaled smoke. Not only is first hand smoke harmful, but second hand smoke is as bad if not worse for a person. Smoke in general smells badly, can irritate people’s eyes or nose, sticks to clothing or materials, can make someone’s hair smell, and other things as well. Everyone should avoid second hand smoke as much as possible. First comes the unborn children that are affected by adults that expose them to second hand smoke. Women who smoke during pregnancy risk their unborn child by smoking and their child receiving the second hand smoke in the womb. Second hand smoke can cause birth defects, low birth weight, SIDS, and many other problems. One birth defects includes clef lip or pallet caused by second hand smoke while in the womb. Women who smoke while pregnant risk health issues that are just unfair to the unborn child who cannot make its own choices yet. Secondly, there are also children effected by second hand smoke in many ways. It’s estimated that about 1 out of every 4 childrenShow MoreRelatedBiological Effects from Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke776 Words   |  3 Pagesup-to-date evidence dealing with biological effects from exposure to second-hand smoke. A lot of people aren’t educated about this topic, but second-hand smoke can harm someone almost as much as someone who actually smokes, depending on how often he/she is around it. Young children are a huge target for this subject because many biological and medical researchers have found second-hand smoke causing lifetime damage, and many other negative effects to children as they grow. Smoking bans in certain areasRead More The Effects of Second Hand Smoke Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Second Hand Smoke Did you know that 3,000 American non-smokers will die this year from lung cancer? Those deaths are entirely preventable. Their lung cancer is caused by second hand smoke. Second hand smoke is smoke they have breathed in from other peoples cigarettes. It is also known as involuntary or passive smoking. There is nothing passive however about the effects of this smoke. It is lethal and it is dangerous. It may give as many as 300,000 children under the age of oneRead MoreEffects Of Smoking On Children And Children1645 Words   |  7 Pagesntroduction For many years, second hand smoke has been affecting the lungs of many people. While most of these people can get away from it, one significant population does not always have that option. Innocent children and infants are most affected by second hand smoke. Unfortunately, these adolescents do not know that it is causing major health effects to their underdeveloped bodies. Children and infants involuntary inhale smoke in their homes and on the streets where they live. Laws regardingRead MoreEssay about The Harmful Effects of Second Hand Smoke1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Harmful Effects of Second Hand Smoke An Australian courtroom, November 2002, has banned a mother of a ten year old boy from smoking in her household (Watts). This is because of the numerous harmful effects that go along with second hand smoke. The court was protecting the child from these dangers; the mother and grandfather both admitted to smoking approximately 40 cigarettes everyday (Watts). The ruling was done by the anti-smoking lobby, and was a first for this type of caseRead MoreSecond-Hand Smoke1726 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Second-Hand Smoke Imagine yourself sitting down to dinner at a restaurant. You are sitting down trying to enjoy your dinner when all you can smell is smoke. Not only are you just breathing in the smoke, it is also damaging your body at the same time. Or imagine yourself at your work place, whether it be a restaurant or office, and you are forced to breathe in second-hand smoke the entire time you are there. In this paper you will be informed of the harmful effects of second-handRead MoreSmoke As An American Citizen1099 Words   |  5 PagesLife Academy If I choose to smoke as an American citizen I will if I want simply because it is my right to do so, I mean after all is that not what this country was founded upon in the first place? Freedom? Yes it is. Since this is true why would we say you can have your freedom to do as you please but place stipulations on it? Since the United States is a free country it should be anyone`s right to smoke even if he or she exposes children to secondhand/thirdhand smoke, especially since recent studiesRead MoreCigarette Smoking around the World Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pageseven though cigarettes can cause that many deaths, people still smoke them? Cigarette smoking is a serious problem in the United States. Especially when it is done in public. Public smoking should be banned because it is a hazard to the people around. Smoking comes with many problems. Not only for the smoker, but for the nonsmokers who are exposed to the smoke. In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classified second-hand smoke as a Group A carcinogen- the most dangerous category of carcinogensRead MoreImportance Of Diffusion Of Everyday Life1218 Words   |  5 Pagesis vital to humans, some forms of diffusion can detrimental, such as cigarette smoke. There have been many researches of second hand smoking and how it affects individuals. Diffusion is important in many life processes. Research was conducted and reviewed to show that the tobacco smoke and air contamination in an outdoor setting that are affected by secondhand smoke, have great concentrations of toxins. These effects can be significant. The levels outdoor contamination can sometimes reaching levelsRead MoreSecondhand Smoking Should Be Illegal1276 Words   |  6 Pagessome still smoke in ages, however the only problem in our society, people who smoke around youngsters called as well as secondhand smoking is a detective around children and adults. It is important that secondhand smoke shouldn’t be smoking around their own children or underage due to health. Secondhand smoking, tobacco smoke is exhaled by a second smoker or is given off by burning tobacco and also is inhaled by someone nearby which it’s called passive Smoke. It occurs when tobacco smoke spread throughoutRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking885 Words   |  4 Pagestrying someth ing new. For example, someone buying their first car, travelling to another country, or eating at a new restaurant. However, there are other events where some people are pressured into doing a certain activity, such as smoking. People smoke for numerous reasons. These reasons include: socializing, coping with emotions, parental influences, advertising, and for the thrill of risk taking behaviors. In consequence, many people are unaware of the negative aspects to smoking. Smoking not only

Optimized Dynamic Latent Topic Model For Big Text Data...

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Optimized Dynamic Latent Topic Model for Big Text Data Analytics NAME: Geoffrey Mariga Wambugu REGISTRATION NUMBER: CS481-4692/2014 LECTURER: Prof. Waweru Mwangi A thesis proposal submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Unit SCI 4201 Advanced Research Methodology of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Technology at the School of Computing and Information Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology June 2015 Abstract Probabilistic topic modeling provides computational methods for large text data analysis. Today streaming text mining plays an important role within real-time social media mining. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model was developed a decade ago to aid discovery of the hidden thematic structure in large archives of documents. It is acknowledged by many researchers as the most popular approach for building topic models. In this study, we discuss topic modeling and more specifically LDA. We identify speed as one of the major limitations of LDA application in streaming big text data analytics. The main aim of this study is to enhance inference speed of LDA thereby develop a new inference method and algorithm. Given the characteristics of this specific research problem, the approach to the proposed research will follow the experimental model. We will investigate causal relationships using a test

Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior Free Essays

Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior Frank Sehi PSY/265 January 24th, 2013 Nicole Pansey Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior Sexual behavior begins to develop as early as the â€Å"Infancy (0 to 2 Years) stage† (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). Male fetuses have erections while in the mother’s womb, and both male and female fetus suck on their fingers, which gives pleasure in the mouth (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). Between 6 months to 12 months a child may begin to masturbate, such as male boys may run up against something or play with their gentiles (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now From 3 to 8 years old children begin to show curiosity some when it comes to sexual development behavior, just because the begin to notice the difference in boy and girl gentiles (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). This stage they may play house, doctor, or even with doll to play out their sexual behavior, and in most cases it is innocent behavior (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). Children may play out same sex sexuality, but has no effect on sexual preference at this age (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). During the Preadolescent stage is when a child really discovers masturbation; they discover how to pleasure themselves and the feel of the sensation. Also at this stage Preadolescents may experience same sex behavior as way of exploring their sexuality, but in most cases a short phases (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). The adolescent stage happens right after puberty, this stage is masturbation is the big part sexual pleasure. Adolescents for most part will masturbate, and still can keep their virginity and avoid pregnancy (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). During adolescents a few have experienced same sex sexual experiences among g their peers, and in most cases it’s just during the transition period from adolescent to adult sexual behavior (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011). Adolescences who are gay or lesbian tend to struggle more during this stage, than those who are heterosexual, because of judgment of peers (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, â€Å"CHAPTER 13 ? Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence,† 2011) In conclusion Sexual development begins from the fetus to adolescent stage, and most of the child’s sexual behavior is more of discovering one’s self. The adolescent stage is where one discovers more on what they like sexual wise, and usually orientation as well. References: Rathus, S. A. , Nevid, J. S. , Fichner-Rathus, l. (2011). Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity (8th ed. ). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix. How to cite Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior, Essay examples

Human Conduct In A Business Organization &Organizational Behavior

Question: Discuss about the Human Conduct In A Business Organization. Answer: Introduction Organizational conduct is defined as the study of human conduct in a business organization. This involves four main components that the people, the structure, technology and the external features through which the organization does its operations (Schermerhorn, et al., p.3). A basic organization is essential when people come together to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization (Malik and Kaur, p.12). The aim of organizational behavior is to have a better understanding of the factors that affect the people in an organizational setting to achieve a more competent and efficient running of the organization (Dartey-Baah and Amponsah-Tawiah, p.11). The management is tasked to incorporate the needs of the organization and its employees to offer a work setting which upholds achieving the goals of the organization (Mullins, p. 93). How theories of organizational behavior may be applied in an organizational setting The classical conditioning theory and the operant conditioning theories to learning have given rise to the advancement of varieties of systems usually defined as behavior adjustments. Behavior modification is a broad term for tactics to changing the behavior by use of suitable and appropriate strengthening. This method was founded on idea that individuals learn to reprise behaviors with positive results. It makes use of the values of inspirational approaches that removes behaviors in the workplace that are not desirable and to increase the occurrence of desirable behaviors. The strategies to motivate the individuals can either be in term relational or transactional rewards with the aim of making the employees feeling satisfied and committed to achieving the goals of the organization (Dartey-Baah and Amponsah-Tawiah, p.11). Transactional recompenses take the form of increasing the salary and having paybacks that are attractive. On the other hand, the relational rewards are in the form of the organization providing conducive working environments, recognition of the employees, empowering of the employees, having a flexible balance between work and life, having a sense of achievement, involving the employees in making decision and giving the employees an chances for personal growth and career development (Dartey-Baah and Amponsah-Tawiah, p.11). Social learning theory is used in business to have an impact on organizational behavior. This can be achieved by having new employees learning the skills of a job by observing what and how more experienced employees does. Cognitive learning theory is used in an organization to positively impact the behavior in an organization. This can be achieved through motivating employees to learn what the aims of organizational learning are and the benefits that the management has established (Huczynski and Buchanan, p. 117). The motivational strategies may include acquiring a skill that is valued, having career opportunities or a being given a prestigious job title (Torrington et al., p. 24). The employees should be given their performance and progress status through feedback mechanism that is appropriate, frequent and clear. The organization management should focus on rewarding suitable behaviors. If the organizations resort to punishment for work poorly done, the employees may end up disliking or distrusting the management and there motivation to learn is reduced (Stewart, p. 214). Potential organizational problem situations and proactive managerial interventions, with special sensitivity to cultural, ethical and social concerns Improving ethical behaviors; Because of pressures to improving employee productivity and tough competition in the market place, employees feel pressured to break roles, and get involved in other kinds of practices that are questionable. Managers should create an ethically healthy working environment, living by example concerning what institutes what behaviors are right and wrong. Globalization - The world is continuously becoming global village. The organizations should not restrict themselves to country boarders. The managers should put emphasis on how to modify their ways of management to encompass the cultural differences encountered. Quality and productivity; Managers are challenged with the task to improving value of their merchandises and services productivity in their organizations. Manager can intervene by improving the skills of the people. They can do this by looking into the behavior of the employees, and look for ways to change their behavior and improve their interpersonal skills (Albert, p. 44). Innovativeness and change; organizations can become extinct if they do not look for ways to come up with innovative products and services and to master the art of change. Therefore managers should maintain flexibility and be competitive in the market. Workforce diversity is another organizational challenge to the managers. The managers need to change their viewpoint from treating every employee in the same way and to identify the dissimilarities and respond to them so as to retain the employees improve on their productivity. Employee empowerment; Managers have to learn how to delegate some of their duties to the employees who have to learn how to take up charge for their work. Loyalty of employees; organisations are replacing permanent employees with temporary ones in oreder to cut on expenses and increase profits. As as results of these changes, there is a decline in the loyalty of the employees and they become less committed to their employer. The manager should develop means to stimulate employees feeling less committed to their employers. Locate relevant research and compare and critique the findings on current developments in organizational behavior A lot of advancements have been seen by organizations in terms of operations, the people and the structure. These trends are; knowledge management, employment relations, globalization, IT and a workforce that is changing. Globalization To become global, organizations are trying to establish fresh marketplace and technology or they reduce cost by means of specializing or low-priced employment. Additionally, organizations have changed the means of integrating their business practices with other countries. In order to achieve the advantage of specialization, countries are outsourcing some part supply chain instead of controlling the whole chain. To react to the challenges of globalization, employees need to improve their knowledge and become a central part of the success of the organization. Globalization plays important functions in organizational behavior and has an effect on the stress management among employees (Reynolds Namasivayam, p. 6). Emerging employment relationship The relationship between the employer and employee is changing in the present era. Employers are no more dictators and they are open to participative way of leadership. Employers are giving employees flexible working hours and motivate them to accomplish to their best. The management is now open to upward communication and involvement of employees in the lower level in the process of decision making in the organization (Laudon and Laudon, p.69). Changing workforce There is a shortage of skilled labour in many development sectors and employers are being forced to take on less skilled workforce at first and develop them instead of hiring experienced people or hiring employees from foreign countries. New parents want to work nearer to home or from home and so employers find that they may have to make this a possibility so as to keep or find new employees. The attitudes of workers are also changing and therefore the businesses have to adjust enrollment, training and processes in the organization to adjust to the workforce that has changed. Information technology Today, changes and progress in technology, particularly the information technology has an impact on organizations and employees. Novelties in information technology have unlocked novel techniques in doing commerce which are dissimilar from earlier practices. The way the work is done and the jobs of workers have changed as a result of technology. Performance evaluation for organizations has seen changes because of the computerized era and communication is done through wireless, which are faster and instant ways than previously done (Laudon and Laudon, p.73). Knowledge Management A very close association exists concerning knowledge managing and organizational behavior (Nonaka and Takeuchi, p. 27). Research has attested that organizational behavior is a key obstacle to influencing management of knowledge. Conclusion The theories of learning can be useful in many ways to positively impact organizational behaviors. The management has a role to play in organizational learning encouraging constant and shared culture and successively change the employees into appropriate behaviors and courses to produce a maintainable competitive advantage. The managers must know the vital function incentive has in impelling the behavior of persons in organization and be conversant with the cognitive stimulatory aspects which motivate the employee contentment and pledge. References Albert, M. 2005. Managing change: Creating a Learning Organisation focused on quality, Problems and Perspectives in Management 1, 47-54. Dartey-Baah, K. and Amponsah-Tawiah, K. 2011. Influencing organisational behaviour through the application of learning theories. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(11), pp. 1-14. Huczynski, A. and Buchanan, D. 2007. Organisational Behaviour. Prentice Hall International. Laudon, K.C. and Laudon J.P. 2006. Management Information System: Managing the Digital Firm, Pearson Education Inc, 10th Edition. Luthans, F. 1995. Organisational Behaviour, Seventh edition, McGraw-Hill. Malik, R. and Kaur, R. 2017. Emerging Trends in Organizational Behavior: A Perspective. International Journal of Research in IT and Management (IJRIM), 7(2), pp. 10~20 Mullins, L. J. 2010. Management and Organisational Behaviour, Pearson Education, 9th Edition. pp. 1-286. Nonaka, I. 1996. The Knowledge Creating Company. In Starkey, K. (ed.) How Organisations Learn, International Thomson Business Press (1996), pp. 1832. Popper, M. and Lipshitz, R. 1998. Organisational learning: A cultural and structural approach to organisational learning. Journal of Applied Behavioural Science, 34, pp161 178. Reynolds, D. and Namasivayam, K. (2007). Organizational behavior and human resource management in the global foodservice industry: An introduction. In D. Reynolds K. Namasivayam (Eds.), Human Resources in the Foodservice Industry: Organizational Behavior Management Approaches (pp. 1-6). New York: Haworth Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J, G., and Osborn, R, N. 2005. Organizational Behavior (9th ed.). John Wiley Sons, Inc. pp. 1-219. Stewart, J. and Sambrook, S. 2000. Factors influencing learning in European learning oriented organisations: issues for management. Journal of European Industrial Training, 24(2-4), pp. 209-219. Torrington, D., Hall, L., and Taylor, S. 2005. Human Resource Management. Pearson Education Limited, 6th Edition.